Carlos R. S. Milani holds a PhD in Development Studies from the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales , (EHESS, 1997). He was an international civil servant at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) headquarters between 1994 and 2002, between 1997 and 2002, and assistant professor at  Sciences Po Paris between 1997 and 2002. He was a visiting fellow at Sciences Po Paris in 2009 and at UC-Berkeley in 2017. Nowadays, he is Full Professor at IESP-UERJ, research fellow with the Brazilian National Science Council (CNPq/1-B), affiliated with the Center for Latin American Studies (CLAS) at UC-Berkeley, Senior Fellow with the Brazilian Center for International Relations (CEBRI), and a member of the Climate Social Science Network (CSSN – Brown University).

His research agenda and policy expertise include comparative foreign policy and regional powers, development cooperation policies, south-south relations, the international politics of human rights and climate change. In 2018 he received the Brazilian Political Science Association’s  (ABCP) award for best article of the year (Brazil’s foreign policy and the ‘graduation dilemma’, co-written with Leticia Pinheiro and Maria Regina Soares de Lima, and published by International Affairs).